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Tag Archives: Retirement Account

So I Paid Off My Student Loans- Part 2

December 28, 2018 By laurasomewherelse in Money Tags: Credit card debt, Dave Ramsey, Debt, good budget, interest payments, Money, personal finance, principle payments, Retirement Account, Roth IRA, Student loan, student loan debt

There’s been an exciting trend I’ve been seeing on social media lately: suddenly, I’ve seen a few people posting that they’ve paid off their student loans! These are not younger friends of mine either- they’re people in their thirties (or even forties) who have paid off their undergrad student loans after years of effort.

When I wrote the first part of this post: So I Paid Off My Student Loans- Part 1, I described how amazing it felt to finally get rid of the loans that had been hanging over my head for years. The last ones didn’t even have the craziest highest interest- I perhaps could have paid the loans slowly for god knows how long (though my minimum payment was $850 a month!) so it couldn’t have been forever, but I personally couldn’t deal with the debt being in my life any longer. It consistently bothered me to have these stupid payments every month that were so high, where I didn’t feel like I was getting a return anymore- I graduated college 12 years earlier! Some people are fine paying small payments towards their loans for a long time- and mathematically, it may even make sense to wait. But for me, that didn’t work- I was too anxious about it. It’s been 10 months since I made the last payment on my loans, but it still feels like a huge rock has been lifted off my back. It was a goal I had for so long, and I had to work really hard to pay them off. it’s weird to actually have accomplished what was such a monumental goal in my life for so long.

Below, I want to account for how I did it, and how it can be done, and that it can be done! You can use these strategies to pay off any kind of debt, including credit card debt! I know it may seem impossible right now. And it may feel devastating to even look at the debt- I know it did for me. And it’s definitely unfair how much debt young Americans end up taking on in order to go to “a good college” in this country- it’s horrible. But that’s a post for another blog.

I paid off these loans while never making more than a bit over 50K a year, and for many years in my twenties, I made less than 30K or even 25K a year! 😦 Remember, I was a drama major. I directed and acted in numerous plays basically for free for a few years  after graduating college (which took up a lot of my time but paid next to nothing). So I don’t think paying off loans is necessarily about making a lot of money (though it helps, duh! I’m a huge making money fan, Universe!), but it’s more about diligence. Of course, if your debt is really high (300-500k) and you can possibly get debt forgiveness (I was not able to), that’s another strategy, or even bankruptcy might be a possibility to look into (I also would not have been able to get rid of my debt that way)- although most student loan debt can’t be discharged in bankruptcy. Other than those ideas, here are some tools and practices I used to help make my zero student loan debt a reality. Hope they help!

  1. Pay more than the minimum when you can. I made very little money while paying down these loans, but by using some strategies I’ll outline below, every little bit of money you can save and add to your monthly principle payment helps.
  2. When you get paid, take a certain percentage out of your paycheck and pay it- as extra- towards your debt. You can pick this percentage, but it helps to pick a percentage, because it’ll stop decision delays about how much extra to contribute, and it stops the fear that you’re contributing extra before making money- only contribute extra money after you’ve gotten paid.
  3. Automate your payments. Sometimes companies will lower your interest or payments if you automate paying everything. I automated my minimum payments, and saved a bit of money just from that simple step. Plus it helps you make sure you’re not late on a payment, which can really hurt your credit.
  4. Make sure any extra payments you make go towards the principle amount of the loan. When I paid extra money towards my payments, the loan companies always tried to apply it to future interest payments, or the next monthly payment. Do not let this happen- it’s a trick so that they’ll get more money in the long run. Make sure any extra money you pay towards your debt goes towards the PRINCIPLE amount. You’ll save money that way.
  5. The Goodbudget app. I’m not a huge fan of making budgets- I just know I won’t stick to them dollar for dollar. I was never that into following rules- I’ve always been a bit of a rebel. So I use what is instead known as a backwards budget. This entails tracking every dollar I spend as I spend it- basically writing down where my money goes, and which category I spent it in. This app tracks everything simply and easily, and I’m a huge fan. I wrote a post of it called The Anti-Budget Budget In Your Thirties.
  6. Dave Ramsey’s extreme money saving strategies. Dave Ramsey has a really good finance podcast that I highly recommend where he recommends extreme ways to save money. I don’t agree with everything he says, and he’s very religious while I’m not, but if you get past his southern Baptist personality style (or maybe that’ll resonate with you, in which case you’ll LOVE him), he has some great, though simple ideas.  The main idea I took from him is to eat at home and bring your lunch to work as much as possible. Also, while eating at home, he recommends ‘rice and beans, beans and rice.’ Basically, the cheapest foods available, while still being healthy. I didn’t necessarily eat only rice and beans while paying down my student loans, but I ate at home a heck of a lot more, and cooked food in hotel rooms while traveling for work, instead of eating out and spending more money. And I bought cheaper groceries a la the rice and beans strategy.
  7. Don’t make yourself miserable. I took a balanced approach to paying off the loans, and didn’t make myself absolutely miserable for a few years in order to do so. Basically, I avoided a completely extreme approach, which saved my sanity and enabled me to stay on course as opposed to giving up on the goal. When I wanted to have a drink out with a friend on the road, I had a drink out- because bonding time with friends is something I cherish, and trying new drinks and food is also up there on my “what makes life worth living” list. Everyone will have their own favorite things, so pick and choose what you absolutely cherish, and do a few of those things, as opposed to throwing money into the hole of “stuff” you don’t care about. Eating out costs a lot of money that can be instead saved and put towards debt, so I ate out a lot less. But I didn’t completely stop eating out. I was just choosy about when I ate out and for what reasons (bonding=good, new food=good, lazy eating out because I don’t want to cook= bad… when I didn’t want to cook, I quickly threw pasta in some water and  heated up some frozen vegetables or something quick and easy. Or I cracked a can of soup or ate cheese and crackers if I was feeling reallyyyy lazy. )
  8. Work on other financial goals at the same time. This is not for everyone- some people want to focus singlehandedly on killing their debt, and are willing to forsake building wealth at the same time in order to do so. However, I really didn’t want to wait before opening my retirement account and contributing to it. The more time retirement money has to grow, the more money that you will have. So I contributed money to my Roth IRA at the same time as paying down the debt. It didn’t have to be much. It was just whatever I could spare. Then, when the debt was finally paid off, I actually had a small retirement account already going and building interest!

I completely understand how debt can feel, and I hope at least some of these tips have been helpful to you. Please write to us if you’re confused about any of them, or if we can clarify in any way.

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What Is an HSA and Should I get one?

September 24, 2017 By laurasomewherelse in Money Tags: 401(k), ACA, health insurance, Health Savings Account, HSA, Insurance, IRA, Retirement, Retirement Account, Savings Account, thirties, Thirty, what's an HSA? Leave a comment

With Health Insurance possibly overhauling entirely in America in the coming years, and with the rocky fate of the ACA always up in the air, health insurance has been on my mind lately.

As a completely self-employed individual, I have a health care plan from the ACA marketplace. Before this, I had no health insurance at all since getting off of my parents’ plan in my twenties. Nowadays, because I try to be as financially responsible as I can, I really don’t like the idea of not having health insurance. Besides the tax consequences where you must pay a fine if you don’t have health insurance come tax time, I don’t like to take gambles with large amounts of money. So I don’t like the idea of suddenly being hit with huge medical bills that could’ve largely been covered by insurance, if I had it.

Even though I’ve had people tell me things such as I don’t need health insurance because I’m a healthy vegan, because I’m paleo, because I do crossfit, because I’m a marathon runner, because I have a connection with the universe, etc, none of those things will help you if you god forbid get hit by a car (okay, maybe your connection with the universe will… that’s hard to beat). But mainly, if something happens to you that can’t be completely controlled by nutrition or exercise, you want health insurance as a just-in-case.

On a couple of finance podcasts, including Paula Pant’s Afford Anything, the HSA (Health Saving’s Account) has come up a few times and has peaked my interest. Basically, an HSA is a savings account where you can contribute up to a tax deductible $3,400 ($6,750 for families) that can be used for medical expenses. Because the money you contribute to an HSA is tax deductible, whatever you contribute to it is a tax write-off, which is a nice benefit to this type of account.

So basically, if you have an HSA, the money accumulating inside of it is supposed to be used for health-related expenses (except for health insurance payments- it primarily cannot be used for that, which is disappointing). There’s good news and bad news here. If you use the money for healthcare related expenses, it will never be taxed, so that’s great! If you use the money for anything other than health related expenses before the age of 65, you’ll owe a 20 percent penalty. Womp womp. So anything you place inside your HSA should be money that you won’t need to to spend unless you’re in a healthcare emergency- which only makes it a good retirement vehicle if you know you won’t touch it for anything besides healthcare and retirement.

Even with these drawbacks, the HSA is an interesting and possibly very helpful supplemental savings vehicle for retirement. I use the word supplemental because you can only stash $3400 in it a year, so it would go along well with your normal 401K (where you can stash a max of $18,000 a year) and/or IRA/Roth IRA (where you can stash a max of $5500 a year). Since the money can only be used for healthcare BEFORE AGE 65, that leaves the money up for grabs AFTER 65. Here’s how a lot of people who can afford it are  using the HSA as a backdoor way to have extra money for retirement:

  1. When you have an HSA, you must get a healthcare plan that goes with it. These are specific, high deductible plans, where the deductible (what you’d pay out of pocket) is at least $1,300 with a max of $6,550 (after which you’d be covered). This means that if you’re considering an HSA, you may have to change health insurance plans, because only certain plans are compatible.
  2. Once you have an HSA and compatible insurance plan, you can use the HSA as a supplemental retirement strategy by paying your healthcare costs out of pocket, and saving the receipts. To use this money for retirement, you don’t want to have to actually take the money out of your HSA until you’re 65 (or even later), so you can let it all grow tax-deferred without diminishing it.
  3. After you’re 65, you can take the money out with no penalty, but you don’t HAVE to start taking money out at a certain age (the way you have to with many traditional retirement accounts). You can take the money out whenever you want, as it continues to grow interest, which is a nice benefit.
  4. The money in your HSA isn’t just sitting around, the way it would be in a traditional savings account (giving you 0.025% to 1.20% interest). The money is actually invested in a possible variety of mutual funds and investments (exactly which investments these are depends on your HSA and what’s available to you). Therefore, as a retirement savings supplement, your HSA is a nice investment vehicle.
  5. The reason you might hear HSAs referred to as having triple tax benefits is because 1. All contributions to HSAs are pre-tax (as I talked about above, anything you contribute, you can write off on your tax bill), 2. The HSA account value grows tax-deferred (you don’t pay taxes on the interest you’ve made until you withdraw the money and you never pay taxes on any of it if you withdraw the money for medical care), and 3.“Qualified” distributions from your HSA—those used for medical expenses—can be withdrawn free of income taxes. So that’s three tax benefits right there.

The HSA is a fairly new type of healthcare plan to have, so we’ll see how it grows and changes. As of now, the drawbacks are:

  1. You don’t necessarily get the same types of investment options as you get in a typical 401K or IRA. There may be more fees associated with these investments- which can cut into the tax benefits you’re gaining.
  2. You must have high-deductible insurance. This means that in order to use the HSA as an effective retirement vehicle, you have to pay most of your medical bills out of pocket (not using the HSA money, because then you wouldn’t have it for retirement) until you reach the deductible limits.
  3. If you don’t have extra money to sock away for retirement, and/or you’re not great with saving money that can be used for health care costs, an HSA probably isn’t for you.

The HSA is an interesting possibility for extra retirement money, and a lot of financial advisors are excited about it. As of now, I don’t have one because I’m still filling up my Roth IRA, but it’s on my mind as a possibility for the future.

If you want to read more about pros and cons of HSAs, here are some articles I found helpful:

From Nerdwallet (always a great source): What is an HSA?

From The Balance (these guys LOVE the HSA): Why You Might Want to Fund an HSA Over an IRA

From Forbes (triple tax benefit explanation): Why every 50 year old should be maximizing an HSA

From Marketwatch (health dose of cynicism balanced with benefits): HSA Accounts- The Good News and Bad News

Hope this is helpful! As always, let me know if you have any questions or comments in the comment section below.

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If I Have Extra Money, Should I Invest It?

August 22, 2017 By laurasomewherelse in Money Tags: 401(k), Emergency Account, emergency fund, Index Funds, investing, Retirement Account, Roth IRA, Savings Account, stock market, thirties, thirtieth birthday 2 Comments

I recently wrote an article about the best savings accounts and received quite a few comments about investing the money in “safe, high-rated” stocks instead of a 1-1.5% interest savings account.

I would love to do this – invest in stocks and get a possible 7-10% return on my money instead of the paltry under-2% return that savings accounts provide, except for one main problem:

I don’t have enough in my emergency fund yet.

What is an emergency fund? It’s a cushion of money that isn’t invested in anything which provides a cushion in case of a money emergency. This money must be immediately accessible. The money can’t suddenly drop to near zero because of a market freefall- it needs to be reliably there for you.

How much money should be in this emergency fund?

Most experts recommend emergency funds hold between 6-8 months of income. This means that if you make $3000 a month, an emergency fund should have $18,000- $24,000.

Why do I need so much money in my emergency fund?

What if, god forbid, you lost your job tomorrow or got hit by a car and were stuck with insane medical bills and possible disability that prevented you from working? It might take awhile to get back on track again. If you lost your income for a few months, you need to be able to cover major expenses for a that time with a cushion of money. Otherwise you might go into extreme debt. And if you go into debt, you will get hit with insane interest on any kind of loans you might have to take out. An emergency fund is like a loan to yourself…with no interest. 

Why can’t I invest this emergency fund?

Because even with the “safest, top rate stocks,” the market isn’t safe…you can’t time the market. Your cushion of invested emergency money could drop down to next to nothing at any point. And if your emergency fund is invested and you have an emergency, you’ll need to pull the money from the market. And if the market is at a ‘bad’ time, you won’t be able to wait until it recovers, so you’ll be at a major disadvantage and could end up pulling your money at the worst possible time and losing a ton of $$$.

If my emergency fund is already at 6-8 months, can I invest additional money? 

Sure. I would recommend investing in a retirement account first, such as a Roth IRA, or your work 401k, and contributing the max, or at least 15% of your monthly income. I recommend starting with retirement investing because retirement funds are tax protected, meaning you won’t get taxed on your earnings right now (you’ll NEVER get taxed on them with Roth IRAs). THEN if you still have additional income, go ahead and invest intelligently…maybe in some index funds. Or, if you have what some of my favorite financial advisors call a “burning garbage pile” fund, invest some money in individual stocks…but only invest money you’re cool with possibly losing. Hence the ‘burning garbage pile.”

I know it’s hard to save for emergencies- I’m not fully funded myself…but I’m working on it. Do what you can. Be safe and be prepared!

And of course, let me know in the comments if you have any questions.

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Help! I Need Money! Can I Borrow Money From My 401K or IRA Retirement Account?

July 14, 2015 By laurasomewherelse in Money Tags: 401(k), borrow, Debt, financial advisor, IRA, Money, Retirement, Retirement Account, Roth IRA, Savings Account, Suze Orman, thirties, Thirty 4 Comments

Congratulations on having a retirement account! If you have a retirement account with at least some money in it in your thirties, you’re way ahead of most of the American population. If you don’t yet have a retirement account click here for info on how to set one up.

Since financial education isn’t really taught in American schools (though it should be!), it took me until age 28 to realize I should open a retirement account- and I only figured it out because I started listening to tons of finance podcasts. A lot of people I know are the same way- opening retirement accounts late in life or wondering in their thirties whether to open them at all yet. Some people are lucky and have money automatically placed into a 401K through their job. However, if your job offers you a 401K, make sure you’re actually enrolled in the program. More than one close friend of mine realized that they weren’t automatically opted in to their workplace 401K, and had ended up missing out on years of compounding interest in their retirement accounts…because they weren’t saving anything!

So..back to the title of the post. Let’s say you suddenly need money and for whatever reason, you haven’t saved anything in a savings account. What should you do?

Well, if you’re considering taking money from your retirement account, think twice. This is usually a very bad idea, and should not taken lightly.

Here’s some advice for what to consider before you pull money from your future (also known as your retirement account):

  • Do you really NEED to buy this? The financial advisor Suze Orman always distinguishes between needs and wants. If you’re trying to buy a car because you have no car and absolutely can’t get to work without one, that’s a need. If you’re trying to buy medication for your diabetes, that’s a need. If you’re buying a new coach bag, that’s a want. If you’re buying a vacation, that’s a want. If what you’re buying is a NEED, then continue reading. If what you’re buying is a WANT, don’t even THINK of pulling money from your retirement account!! Stop right now! Wait until you’ve saved money in a savings account!
  • What type of retirement account do have? Choose below:
    a. A 401k
    If you have a 401K, it’s a really bad idea to take money from it before retirement unless you’re absolutely, totally desperate and what you’re buying is a NEED (and taking money is still a bad idea even then.) You’re going to be hit with a 10 percent penalty fee right off the bat, plus you’ll have to pay taxes on the money taken.

B) An IRA (Individual Retirement Account)
If you have an IRA, it’s also a really bad idea to take money from it before retirement unless you’re absolutely, totally desperate and what you’re buying is a NEED (and once again. it’s still a bad idea.) Same penalty fee and income taxes owed on the amount taken as the 401K. You’re going to lose so much money in the process of doing this! There are a few exceptions to having to pay the fee though – read about them here.

C. A Roth IRA

This is still a bad idea unless you’re absolutely, totally desperate and what you’re buying is a NEED, but it’s your best retirement account option. The wonderful thing about Roth IRAs is that they are kind of like savings accounts in that you can borrow from them at any time without fees or taxes owed. However, you can only borrow from the money you’ve contributed and not the interest earned. But if you take money out (which I don’t advise because you’re hurting your retirement account and it’s ability to compound and generously earn you more money), at least you aren’t getting charged a fee and taxes on money you’ve borrowed from yourself!

This is yet another reason to open a Roth IRA if you don’t have one yet!

Hopefully you’ll never get to the point where you absolutely need to borrow money from your retirement account. But if you do, I understand, and I get that you’re in a very hard situation.

Hopefully this has been helpful, and you now know that borrowing from your retirement accounts should be your absolute last option!

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Where Should I Open Up A Roth IRA?

December 9, 2014 By laurasomewherelse in Money Tags: 401(k), Bank, Debt, Discount Brokerage, IRA, Money, No Load Fund, Ramit Sethi, Retirement, Retirement Account, Roth IRA, salary, Savings, Suze Orman, taxes, thirties, Thirty, Vanguard 11 Comments

Roth IRAs should be simple. Yet they seem super complicated. This is because no one really talks Roth IRAs at dinner parties and the internet info on them is a mess to find. So lets have a simple talk about where to open a Roth so you can just open your retirement account and be done with it!

Before I opened my Roth IRA, I spent crazy amounts of time stressing about which Roth IRA was best. Hours went into my research and I almost gave up on opening one, because answers seemed so hard to find! Why are these kind of important financial decisions so difficult to figure out?

Let’s begin at the beginning. I explained in this post and also this one why you should open up a Roth IRA as opposed to a traditional IRA, and also why you should open up a Roth IRA even if you have a 401K. Retirement accounts are always best started sooner than later, so the first step is to stop procrastinating as you figure out which one is best, and get one opened up ASAP. But which one?

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This is not a good place for an IRA.

 

I’m going to break this down in the simplest way I think is possible. Here goes.

Basic Steps

Step 1) You are looking for a Roth IRA with THE LEAST AMOUNT OF FEES INVOLVED.

Do you want to pay excess fees on an account holding your own money? I didn’t think so.

Step 2) The Roth IRAs that can be found with the least amount of fees are at DISCOUNT BROKERAGES or NO LOAD MUTUAL FUND companies.

A discount brokerage, as opposed to a full-service brokerage, is offering services to you at a DISCOUNT. This is very good. A no load mutual fund company is a company where you won’t pay extra fees (known a SALES LOADS). Yay for discounts and no extra sales fees!

Step 2.5) Don’t open your Roth IRA at a BANK!

This is a common error! There are heavy fees involved at banks! Just because you love your Chase or BoA debit accounts does not mean these are good places to open your Roth IRA. Just don’t do it!

Step 3) Should you choose a No Load Fund or Discount Brokerage?

If you’re a beginner or less experienced with investing and Retirement Accounts, I recommend going with a No Load Fund Company. If you’re more experienced, you’ll probably like discount brokerages better.

4) Here’s simple a list of what I found in my research to be the best, most recommended DISCOUNT BROKERAGES and NO LOAD MUTUAL FUND companies, and their websites:

No Load Fund Companies
Vanguard- https://retirementplans.vanguard.com/VGApp/pe/PublicHome
T. Rowe Price- https://www3.troweprice.com/rws/public/v/home.jsp
Fidelity- https://www.fidelity.com/retirement-ira/overview

Discount Brokerages
Sharebuilder- https://www.sharebuilder.com/sharebuilder/retirement/individual-retirement.aspx
Ameritrade- https://www.tdameritrade.com/account-types/retirement.page

Step 5. Now that you have the above list, which one should you choose????

Too many options still, right??!!! I felt that way. So I’m just going to give you the answer! Wow!

Just kidding. There’s no one answer, of course, I can’t claim that…different strokes and all. But I’m still going to tell you what I think is best:

My favorite place to open an IRA for beginners is Vanguard…they are the most recommended out of all the Roth IRA companies I’ve researched. I have my Roth IRA at Vanguard. They are great. Awesome customer service and easy to use website to manage everything.

6. Okay, so now that you’ve picked a place to open a Roth IRA, which fund should you choose within the company you’ve picked?? There are sooo many…

I recommend opening up what’s called a Target Date Retirement Account. Vanguard has one. T. Rowe Price has one. They’re everywhere. This account is great because it enables you to basically pick the year you’ll retire and set up a retirement account on autopilot. These accounts are pretty diverse (which is a really good thing), so you won’t have to delve into a complicated mess of diversifying to start with. I’ll write more about these accounts later, but if you’re just starting, they’re great. Usually you need about $1000 to start one of these. (I started one at Vanguard for that much. Some of the other companies may be even less.)

7. Ok, so to recap- go open up your Roth IRA now!

You don’t need a lot of money to start. If you don’t have $1000 to start, begin putting money aside. Go for the Target Date Retirement Fund at either Vanguard or one of the other No Load Companies or Discount Brokerages- you can always change that Target Date Fund to something else later when you have more money invested and more knowledge of how retirement funds work.

8. Was this confusing?

Please ask questions! I love them, and they’ll help me too! Also, below are a list of the best articles I’ve found during my research- hopefully they’ll help you out as well!

Thanks so much, and enjoy setting up such a major achievement!

Suze Orman Article

Ramit Sethi I Will Teach You To Be Rich Video (my favorite)

CashMoneyLife Article

Short CNN article

Nerd Wallet Article

 

 

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Retirement Calculator- How Much Should I Save For Retirement?

November 17, 2014 By laurasomewherelse in Money Tags: 401(k), aarp, Aging, Job, Money, Retirement Account, Roth IRA, t rowe price, thirties, Thirty 4 Comments

It’s Money Monday again! Weeks are flying by way too fast! Is December really almost here? My chilly hands and cozy Bearpaw slippers say oh no- but oh yes! One month till winter!!

Toasty Bearpaw slippers and happy pajama pants always make winter slightly tolerable..

My toasty Bearpaw slippers and happy pajama pants always make winter slightly more tolerable.

Since you guys seemed interested in retirement information after the post last Monday- 401K, Roth Ira, Retirement Accounts, Oh my! How Much Should I Save In My Thirties?– I thought I’d continue on the retirement questions path. This is good for me too, as I’m also figuring out retirement planning as I go along, so as I research, I learn more to tell you about as well.

I’m going to try to answer a major question here:

How much should you be saving every month towards retirement?

First things first! Do you have a retirement account? In the last money post mentioned above I talked about different retirement accounts. So if you don’t have a retirement account, check that out and choose the best type(s) for you.

In that post I also answered the question: “Do you need to start saving for retirement in your thirties?”

Answer: Definitely YES! Save as early as you can! (And it’s never too late!)

Secondly: If you have a retirement account, do you know which one you have and how it works? And if you don’t, do you know your basic account type options? I generally answered this question when I described the basic three retirement accounts- 401ks, Roth IRAs, and Traditional IRAs. 

Now a new question: How much should you be saving each month for retirement?

This question seems simple but the answer is actually complicated- It depends upon a number of variables such as when you plan on retiring, how much you’ll spend each year during retirement, social security possibly not being around anymore, return on investments, inflation, etc.

So let’s keep things simple here. There are a few rules of thumb, but I’m going to start with my favorites:

  • Save what you can right now!

And also…

  • Don’t freak out if you can’t save that much! Do what you can.  

Retirement planning can seem overwhelming, but if you start with the above two rules, and always go back to them, things will simplify. Now here are a few very simple rules of thumb:

1. Very loosely, by retirement, you should (according to the top financial advisors) have saved around 8x your maximum salary. This means that if you make $50,000 a year now and may make up to $100,000 a year in your lifetime, you should have saved at least 800,000 by the time you retire ($100,000 x 8). This may sound like a crazy large number, but it’s doable, even on smaller salaries. The key is to start as early as you can with what you can contribute, and use the magical power of compound interest  for your money to grow over time. A few benchmarks along the way are: by 35, you should have at least one year’s salary saved for retirement, 3 x by 45, 5 x by 55.

2. Another general rule of thumb laid out by financial planners is to contribute 10%- 15% of your salary towards retirement. I contribute 10% of my salary towards retirement right now, because that’s all I can do. If you can’t do 10%, do whatever works for you right now…even if it’s $20 a month, it’s better than nothing!

3. Below are two Retirement Calculators I like which can help you figure out how much you need in retirement:

  • AARP Retirement Calculator

  • T Rowe Price Retirement Calculator (For this one, just click start at the bottom of the diagram- you don’t need to register or anything. I LOVE this calculator because it really allows you to adjust and play around at the end and see the differences as you change the amounts slightly.)

So hopefully you’ve checked out the retirement calculators so you can figure out approximately what you might need in retirement.

If the calculators have you overwhelmed or worried, go back to the first steps I laid out- just do what you can! It’s not too late!

Please comment below with any feedback or questions you have…they help me too! I’d love to know if you find this interesting …or too complex… or too simple.

Thanks for reading!

 

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401K, Roth IRA, Retirement Accounts, Oh My! Should I Save in My Thirties?

November 10, 2014 By laurasomewherelse in Money Tags: 401(k), Dave Ramsey, Debt, Money, Retirement Account, Roth IRA, Savings Account, Student loan, Suz, Suze Orman 18 Comments
401K, Roth IRA, Retirement Accounts, Oh My! Should I Save in My Thirties?

Oh retirement accounts! What a sexy subject to talk about!

Woohoo, 401Ks- so hot! Steamy, racy Roth IRAs! Let’s put away a bunch of our hard-earned money in an account we don’t touch for 30 years! Don’t take that fancy Miami Beach vacation or buy those sizzling Leboutin shoes- fund your old age instead! Forget traveling the world now- save your money for when you’re 70!

No wonder no one wants to talk about putting away money for retirement. It’s depressing. And mysterious. Retirement accounts are neither straightforward nor seductive and they weren’t taught in school. So what should we do? Should we quit on them? Take a vacation instead? Carpe diem?

Fund vacation vs fund Retirement...hmm..can I just close my eyes and pretend I didn't hear the question?

Can I just close my eyes and pretend I didn’t know about retirement accounts?

The answers are out there, you just have to dig a little. If I hadn’t started listening to podcasts a bit over a year ago, I probably never would have started a retirement account. Retirement funds just didn’t seem important or pressing. After all, I’m self-employed, so I can’t have a 401K anyway..right? And I’m young, so I have plenty of time…?

The podcasts of Suze Orman and Dave Ramsey set me straight and changed my attitude fast. Now, I’m no expert, but if there’s one thing I’ve learned from Suze and Dave (and multiple other financial experts) it’s that retirement accounts are really frigging crazy important…way more so than I ever knew. You don’t want to get to retirement age and have nothing to live on! That wouldn’t be good. And social security isn’t enough, nor is it reliable.

So it’s very important to start funding your retirement account. Here are two important and easy first steps:

1. If you’re earning money, start or continue funding your retirement account now. The thirties are definitely NOT too early a time. Some people started in their twenties or earlier, and they are way ahead. Any little bit helps…do what you can afford.

2. Don’t get overwhelmed. If you make very little money, it’s okay to start small. Jane is currently a screenwriting grad student, and is busy studying her craft. She was worried about not being able to put much into a retirement account while she’s still a student. But it’s okay! If you’re currently a student (and making very little to no money), relax! Graduate first and find a job before worrying about your retirement account. You get a free pass for awhile when you’re in school…it’s not worth stressing about. Just start contributing once you can afford it.

As I said before, I’m not an expert, but since starting to understand retirement accounts, I’ve done dozens of hours of research on the topic…choosing the best place to open a retirement account, understanding my options, thinking about tax benefits, and much more. It can get dizzying, but is actually much simpler than it seems once you get the hang of it.

There’s a lot to talk about regarding retirement accounts and I’ll only scratch the surface now (spoiler- there will be more info next week).

So first off, some questions for you to consider:

1. If you’re employed, do you already have a retirement plan through your job?
a) If yes, do you know how much you’re contributing? Do you know what investments are in your plan? Does your employer match your contributions?
b) If no, why not? Does your employer not offer a plan? Are you funding an individual retirement account (IRA) instead?
c) If you’re unsure, find out!
2. Are you self-employed?
a) If yes, have you started a retirement plan for yourself?
3. Are you currently a student or unemployed?
a) If yes, are you stressing about retirement accounts? (Hint: don’t. I already explained why above.)

These questions will start you on the path to understanding your retirement account options. There are many options, but below are detailed descriptions of the most common retirement accounts:

1. 401K

  • A 401K is a standard retirement plan offered by many employers.
  • If you are currently employed (but not self-employed), see if your employer offers a 401K. Most do, but you won’t usually be automatically enrolled! So ask!
  • Many employers will contribute some sort of match when you put money into your 401K. If they do, always contribute at least up to the match! You’re getting free money!!
  • As of 2014, you can contribute up to $17,500 to your 401k. To hit the max, you would contribute $1,458 per month or $729 per paycheck if you are paid twice per month.
  • The money you contribute to your 401k is tax-deductible. You don’t pay taxes on it now. You will have to pay normal taxes on it when you take it out during retirement.
  • If you withdraw money from your 401k before age 59.5, you will have to pay a 10% penalty, plus pay taxes on the money withdrawn!

2. Regular IRA (Individual Retirement Account)

  • An IRA is an account you open up on your own, not through your employer. As of 2014, you can contribute up to $5,500 annually.
  • You do NOT have to be self-employed to open an IRA.
  • You can have a 401k at work and ALSO open an IRA. You will still be able to contribute the maximum to both. But if you have to choose (i.e., you don’t have tons of money to spare…I can relate), I recommend (Suze Orman always recommends this) you contribute to your 401k up to your employer match, and then put any additional money into an IRA (or even better, a ROTH IRA, explained below).
  • The money you contribute to your regular IRA is tax-deductible. You don’t pay taxes on it now. You will have to pay normal taxes on it and any money it earns when you take it out during retirement.
  • If you withdraw money from your regular IRA before age 59.5, you will have to pay a 10% penalty, plus pay normal taxes on any money withdrawn!

3. ROTH IRA

  • Just like a regular IRA, a Roth IRA is an account you open up on your own, not through your employer. As of 2014, you can contribute $5,500 annually, BUT—
  • If you have a regular IRA already, you can’t contribute $5,500 a year annually to BOTH- it’s $5,500 TOTAL. So you have to choose..or have a little money in both.
  • You can have a 401k at work and ALSO open a ROTH IRA. Same deal as above…you will still be able to contribute the maximum to both, but make sure you take the employer match on the 401k first before putting additional money in the ROTH IRA.
  • The money you contribute to your regular IRA is NOT tax deductible. You pay taxes on it now like any other money. However, YOU WONT HAVE TO PAY TAXES ON IT OR ANY MONEY YOU’VE EARNED FROM IT WHEN YOU WITHDRAW DURING RETIREMENT. This is very important, because and it’s what makes the Roth IRA so neat.
  • If you withdraw money from your ROTH IRA anytime, it’s ok! As long as you withdraw money you’ve deposited and not money earned, you’ll have NO penalty or taxes! So Roth IRAs are kinda magical, cause they double as a savings account.

That was a lot of info. I’m going to stop here before this gets way too long and overwhelming. Please ask any questions you might have, and I’ll continue next week! I’d love to hear from you, and your comments help me know what to talk about in other retirement account articles.

Was this helpful? Did you already know all this? Please let me know either way. Thanks for reading! 🙂

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Help! I’m 30 and still have undergrad student loans from 10+ years ago!

October 13, 2014 By laurasomewherelse in Money Tags: Debt, Retirement Account, Savings Account, Student loan 5 Comments
Help! I’m 30 and still have undergrad student loans from 10+ years ago!

I want to talk about student loans…especially old ones that never seem to go away. Especially those old ones still hanging around from undergrad even after the age of 30. Or 40.

The whole student loan issue may be totally irrelevant to you or it may hit way too close to home, but what’s scary is that these behemoths of debt depend on a decision you made when you were 17. That’s really rough- especially when you think about how young 17 year olds look to you now- isn’t it incredible how short and little high school seniors are? Even a lot of college students seem small and young. Didn’t you feel so big and grown up when you were that age?

I’m one of those people who finished undergrad with an over $100,000 student loan. That’s a lot of money. It hurts to even think about that amount of debt. Especially when I’m already 30 years old and the loan is still around. It means that I’ve lived in the grip of student debt prison for almost 10 years, even as the amount I owe slowly dwindles.

My loan wasn’t for Pharmacy School or Law School or Med School or anything where there was the possibility of a laid out track to recovering my money. My loan was for a drama degree. I remember graduating school and saying to the head of the drama department, “I don’t know what to do now. I have no idea where to go from here.’ And she said to me, ‘Yep. That’s tough.’

It wasn’t exactly a comforting moment.

Since then, I’ve worked on many artistic projects and had many jobs that I’ve loved. I’ve grown, I’ve changed, and I’ve conquered many obstacles in life. But there’s always still been the obstacle of my loan hanging over my head, going down way too slowly and never seeming to disappear.

The loan is such a big part of my world that I sometimes feel like I’m reliant upon it; it drives me forward at the same time that it fences me in. When I’m not sure if I should take a job, or work a certain day, I think: “This money will go toward the death of my student loan. Die loan, die!!” And then I take the job with a smile. But sometimes I want to take a trip somewhere and I think “Nooo..that’s money that won’t go towards killing my student loan. Die loan, die!!” And then I don’t take the trip.

I dream about what I’ll do with all the money I have once the loan is gone. My heart races happily at the thought of finally funding my Roth IRA to the max, hitting my 8 month savings goal, and opening up an investment account. I geek out giddily to investopedia.com and every book Suze Orman ever wrote.

My challenge (and my gift) is that my loan has made me into such a frugal money saver that once I finally conquer the loan, I may be too scared to spend any of my money. I just won’t know what to do with it besides hold on to it- I’ll just want to save it and save it forever. I can imagine cashing it out all in ones (or hopefully hundreds) and jumping into a big pile of it like Scrooge McDuck. And then locking it away again.

Hopefully one day soon, this student loan part of my life will come to an end. I don’t know who I’ll be then, but I know that at least now I’ve begun my journey towards financial wisdom. I’m excited for the day the loan finally dwindles down to a big fat zero; a day when more than half of what I earn won’t go towards paying off this ridiculously expensive thing I bought over 10 years ago.

image (2)

The beginning of my Scrooge McDuck money pile…I’m ready for it to grow so I can jump…

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